[arin-ppml] Revised - Draft Policy ARIN-2025-1: Clarify ISP and LIR Definitions and References to Address Ambiguity in NRPM Text

Wed Sep 17 07:27:11 EDT 2025

I suggest the following revised definitions for LIR and ISP;

2.4. Local Internet Registry (LIR)

A Local Internet Registry (LIR) is an IR that assigns IP addresses to the
users of the network services that it provides. LIRs are generally Internet
Service Providers (ISPs) whose customers are primarily end users, other
organizations, or possibly other ISPs. LIR is the term used for an ISP in
the context of the Internet Registry System, defined in RFC 7020 and in the
diagram at the beginning of this section.

2.18  Internet Service Provider (ISP)

An Internet Service Provider (ISP) is any organization that provides
Internet services to its customers, who are primarily end users
(individuals other than employees or visitors to a premises), other
organizations, or possibly other ISPs. The specific Internet services are
irrelevant; the important aspect is that Internet Number Resources are
consumed and justified by assigning them to customers. ISP is the term used
in the context of ARIN Policy, instead of Local Internet Registry (LIR).

Thanks.

On Tue, Sep 16, 2025 at 5:28 PM Mohibul Mahmud <mohibul.mahmud at gmail.com>
wrote:

> Hello Team,
>
> It seems most of us agree that clarity is the main goal. Would it make
> sense to keep one preferred term in the NRPM, but also add a short note in
> the definitions section that explains how ISP and LIR are used
> interchangeably in ARIN policy?
>
> Best
> Mohibul Mahmud
> Microsoft
> ARIN Advisory Council Candidate
>
>
>
> On Tue, Sep 16, 2025 at 3:54 PM Owen DeLong via ARIN-PPML <
> arin-ppml at arin.net> wrote:
>
>> Precisely what David said. I prefer LIR since I think ISP is
>> over-specific in its vernacular usage and LIR is the more accurate term for
>> what ARIN is actually doing. However, I can live with either if the NRPM
>> definition of whichever term is used matches the general meaning of LIR.
>>
>> The policy as written would disqualify several, if not many legitimate
>> users of IP addresses.
>>
>> Owen
>>
>>
>> On Sep 16, 2025, at 11:58, David Farmer <farmer at umn.edu> wrote:
>>
>> 
>> Leif.
>>
>> If the ARIN community wants to use the term "ISP" instead of "LIR", I can
>> accept that. However, the definition for "ISP" provided in the draft policy
>> focuses on the types of services the ISP provides, which are mostly
>> irrelevant from an ARIN Policy perspective. The current definition of LIR
>> focuses on the relationship between users/customers and the LIR/ISP. I
>> would call your attention to the definition John Seeeting provided or the
>> definition of LIR in RFC 7020. They focus on what is important from an ARIN
>> Policy perspective: the relationship between the LIR/ISP and its
>> users/customers, and the relationship with the RIR. If the definition
>> provided focuses on the important aspects of ARIN policy, the term used
>> will be unimportant; LIR and ISP can be used interchangeably. But that is
>> not the case for the provided definition of ISP in the draft policy.
>>
>> Thanks.
>>
>> On Tue, Sep 16, 2025 at 1:11 PM Leif Sawyer via ARIN-PPML <
>> arin-ppml at arin.net> wrote:
>>
>>> Owen –
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>    This latest update is a result of the April ARIN meeting, where the
>>> overwhelming message was to “remove LIR” and use ISP, since that’s what
>>>
>>> Is used both internally by ARIN, and predominantly within this region.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Note that the changes proposed are for section 6, to normalize it
>>> against the remainder of the NRPM’s use of ISP.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> -L
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> *Leif Sawyer*
>>>
>>> *GCI* | he/him | Engineer, CNI – Standards and Planning
>>>
>>> *t:* 907-351-1535 | *w:* www.gci.com | KL5BN
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> *From:* ARIN-PPML <arin-ppml-bounces at arin.net> *On Behalf Of *Owen
>>> DeLong via ARIN-PPML
>>> *Sent:* Saturday, September 13, 2025 7:39 AM
>>> *To:* ARIN <info at arin.net>
>>> *Cc:* arin-ppml at arin.net
>>> *Subject:* Re: [arin-ppml] Revised - Draft Policy ARIN-2025-1: Clarify
>>> ISP and LIR Definitions and References to Address Ambiguity in NRPM Text
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> [*EXTERNAL EMAIL* - CAUTION: Do not open unexpected attachments or
>>> links.]
>>>
>>> I think this is the wrong approach.
>>>
>>> In reality, ARIN cares about LIRs and deals with LIRs and end users. It
>>> is generally irrelevant from a policy perspective whether a given LIR is an
>>> ISP or not.
>>>
>>> Therefore, IMHO, a better approach would be to simply consolidate to the
>>> LIR term and eliminate ISP from the NRPM.
>>>
>>> IPv6 policy already explicitly declares that the terms are
>>> interchangeable from a policy perspective.
>>>
>>> Owen
>>>
>>>
>>> > On Sep 12, 2025, at 10:18, ARIN <info at arin.net> wrote:
>>> >
>>> > The following Draft Policy has been revised:
>>> >
>>> > *ARIN-2025-1: Clarify ISP and LIR Definitions and References to
>>> Address Ambiguity in NRPM Text
>>> >
>>> > Revised text is below and can be found at:
>>> >
>>> > https://www.arin.net/participate/policy/drafts/2025_1/
>>> >
>>> > A PDF document showing the proposed NRPM edits is available to
>>> download at:
>>> >
>>> >
>>> https://arin.net/participate/policy/drafts/pdf/ARIN_2025_1_diff_091225.pdf
>>> >
>>> > You are encouraged to discuss all Draft Policies on PPML. The AC will
>>> evaluate the discussion to assess the conformance of this Draft Policy with
>>> ARIN's Principles of Internet number resource policy as stated in the
>>> Policy Development Process (PDP). Specifically, these principles are:
>>> >
>>> > * Enabling Fair and Impartial Number Resource Administration
>>> > * Technically Sound
>>> > * Supported by the Community
>>> >
>>> > The PDP can be found at:
>>> >
>>> > https://www.arin.net/participate/policy/pdp/
>>> >
>>> > Draft Policies and Proposals under discussion can be found at:
>>> >
>>> > https://www.arin.net/participate/policy/drafts/
>>> >
>>> > Regards,
>>> >
>>> > Eddie Diego
>>> > Policy Analyst
>>> > American Registry for Internet Numbers (ARIN)
>>> >
>>> >
>>> >
>>> > Draft Policy ARIN-2025-1: Clarify ISP and LIR Definitions and
>>> References to Address Ambiguity in NRPM Text
>>> >
>>> > Problem Statement:
>>> >
>>> > Section 2.4 of the NRPM defines an LIR but does not explicitly define
>>> an ISP. An ISP is defined in the context of an LIR, but the explicit
>>> definition is otherwise assumed.
>>> >
>>> > Through implication and in common business practice, all ISPs are
>>> LIRs, but not all LIRs are ISPs.
>>> >
>>> > This proposal adds clarity by creating an explicit definition for ISP,
>>> clarifying the historical and out-of-region usage for the term LIR, and
>>> replaces LIR with ISP throughout the NRPM as appropriate.
>>> >
>>> > Policy Statement:
>>> >
>>> > Add Internet Service Provider definition:
>>> >
>>> > Remove the word “primarily” from the definition of LIR and add usage
>>> clarification:
>>> >
>>> > FROM:
>>> >
>>> > 2.4. Local Internet Registry (LIR)
>>> >
>>> > A Local Internet Registry (LIR) is primarily an IR that assigns IP
>>> addresses to the users of the network services that it provides. LIRs are
>>> generally Internet Service Providers (ISPs) whose customers are primarily
>>> end users and possibly other ISPs.
>>> >
>>> > TO:
>>> >
>>> > 2.4. Local Internet Registry (LIR)
>>> >
>>> > A Local Internet Registry (LIR) is an IR that assigns IP addresses to
>>> the users of the network services that it provides. LIRs are generally
>>> Internet Service Providers (ISPs) whose customers are primarily end users
>>> and possibly other ISPs. _While LIR has been historically referenced in
>>> policies for ease of comparing other region's policies, LIR is not used in
>>> the ARIN service region; ISP is the equivalent term._
>>> >
>>> >
>>> > Add definition for ISP:
>>> >
>>> > 2.18 Internet Service Provider (ISP)
>>> >
>>> > An Internet Service Provider (ISP) is a type of organization that
>>> provides Internet services to other organizations, its customers, and\or
>>> individuals other than its employees. Internet services include, but are
>>> not limited to, connectivity services, web services, colocation, dedicated
>>> servers, virtual private servers, and virtual private networks.
>>> >
>>> >
>>> > Replace Section 6.5.1a
>>> >
>>> > Original Text: “The terms ISP and LIR are used interchangeably in this
>>> document and any use of either term shall be construed to include both
>>> meanings.”
>>> >
>>> > New Text: “[Retired]”
>>> >
>>> >
>>> > Remove all references in section 6.5 of LIR where appropriate:
>>> >
>>> > [Editing note: For the purposes of clarity in plaintext communication
>>> mediums, any changes to the text is denoted with the underscore character
>>> before and after the insertion. The underscore character is not considered
>>> a part of the final text.]
>>> >
>>> >
>>> > Amend Section 6.5.2 to replace LIR with ISP, 12 in total
>>> >
>>> > 6.5.2. Initial Allocation to _ISPs_
>>> >
>>> > 6.5.2.1. Size
>>> >
>>> > 1. All allocations shall be made on nibble boundaries.
>>> >
>>> > 2. In no case shall an _ISP_ receive smaller than a /32 unless they
>>> specifically request a /36 or /40. In order to be eligible for a /40, an
>>> ISP must meet the following requirements:
>>> >
>>> > - Hold IPv4 direct allocations totaling a /24 or less (to include zero)
>>> >
>>> > - Hold IPv4 reassignments/reallocations totaling a /22 or less (to
>>> include zero)
>>> >
>>> > In no case shall an ISP receive more than a /16 initial allocation.
>>> >
>>> > 3. The maximum allowable allocation shall be the smallest
>>> nibble-boundary aligned block that can provide an equally sized
>>> nibble-boundary aligned block to each of the requesters serving sites large
>>> enough to satisfy the needs of the requesters largest single serving site
>>> using no more than 75% of the available addresses.
>>> > This calculation can be summarized as /N where N = P-(X+Y) and P is
>>> the organization’s Provider Allocation Unit X is a multiple of 4 greater
>>> than 4/3*serving sites and Y is a multiple of 4 greater than 4/3*end sites
>>> served by largest serving site.
>>> >
>>> > 4. For purposes of the calculation in (c), an end site which can
>>> justify more than a /48 under the end-user assignment criteria in 6.5.8
>>> shall count as the appropriate number of /48s that would be assigned under
>>> that policy.
>>> >
>>> > 5. For purposes of the calculation in (c), an _ISP_ which has
>>> subordinate _ISPs_ shall make such reallocations according to the same
>>> policies and criteria as ARIN. In such a case, the prefixes necessary for
>>> such a reallocation should be treated as fully utilized in determining the
>>> block sizing for the parent _ISP_. _ISPs_ which do not receive resources
>>> directly from ARIN will not be able to make such reallocations to
>>> subordinate _ISPs_ and subordinate _ISPs_ which need more than a /32 shall
>>> apply directly to ARIN.
>>> >
>>> > 6. An _ISP_ is not required to design or deploy their network
>>> according to this structure. It is strictly a mechanism to determine the
>>> largest IP address block to which the _ISP_ is entitled.
>>> >
>>> > 7 An _ISP_ that requests a smaller /36 or /40 allocation is entitled
>>> to expand the allocation to any nibble aligned size up to /32 at any time
>>> without renumbering or additional justification. /40 allocations shall be
>>> automatically upgraded to /36 if at any time said _ISP_’s IPv4 direct
>>> allocations exceed a /24. Expansions up to and including a /32 are not
>>> considered subsequent allocations, however any expansions beyond /32 are
>>> considered subsequent allocations and must conform to section 6.5.3.
>>> Partial returns of any IPv6 allocation that results in less than a /36 of
>>> holding are not permitted regardless of the ISP’s current or former IPv4
>>> address holdings.
>>> >
>>> >
>>> > Amend Section 6.5.3 to replace LIR with ISP in 4 locations:
>>> >
>>> > 6.5.3. Subsequent Allocations to _ISPs_
>>> >
>>> > 1. Where possible ARIN will make subsequent allocations by expanding
>>> the existing allocation.
>>> >
>>> > 2. An _ISP_ qualifies for a subsequent allocation if they meet any of
>>> the following criteria:
>>> >
>>> > - Shows utilization of 75% or more of their total address space
>>> >
>>> > - Shows utilization of more than 90% of any serving site
>>> >
>>> > - Has allocated more than 90% of their total address space to serving
>>> sites, with the block size allocated to each serving site being justified
>>> based on the criteria specified in section 6.5.2
>>> >
>>> > 3. If ARIN can not expand one or more existing allocations, ARIN shall
>>> make a new allocation based on the initial allocation criteria above. The
>>> _ISP_ is encouraged, but not required to renumber into the new allocation
>>> over time and return any allocations no longer in use.
>>> >
>>> > 4. If an _ISP_ has already reached a /12 or more, ARIN will allocate a
>>> single additional /12 rather than continue expanding nibble boundaries.
>>> >
>>> >
>>> > Amend Section 6.5.4.1 to replace LIR with ISP in 1 location:
>>> >
>>> > 6.5.4.1. Reassignment to Operator’s Infrastructure
>>> >
>>> > An _ISP_ may reassign up to a /48 per PoP as well as up to an
>>> additional /48 globally for its own infrastructure.
>>> >
>>> >
>>> > Amend Section 6.5.7 to replace LIR with ISP in 1 location:
>>> >
>>> > 6.5.7. Existing IPv6 Address Space Holders
>>> >
>>> > _ISPs_ which received an allocation under previous policies which is
>>> smaller than what they are entitled to under this policy may receive a new
>>> initial allocation under this policy. If possible, ARIN will expand their
>>> existing allocation.
>>> >
>>> >
>>> > Amend Section 6.5.8 to remove “or other LIR” in 2 locations
>>> >
>>> > 6.5.8.1. Initial Assignment Criteria
>>> >
>>> > FROM:
>>> >
>>> > f. By providing a reasonable technical justification indicating why
>>> IPv6 addresses from an ISP or other LIR are unsuitable.
>>> >
>>> > TO:
>>> >
>>> > f. By providing a reasonable technical justification indicating why
>>> IPv6
>>> > addresses from an ISP are unsuitable.
>>> >
>>> >
>>> > FROM:
>>> >
>>> > Examples of justifications for why addresses from an ISP or other LIR
>>> may be unsuitable include, but are not limited to:
>>> >
>>> > TO:
>>> >
>>> > Examples of justifications for why addresses from an ISP may be
>>> unsuitable include, but are not limited to:
>>> >
>>> > Timetable for Implementation: Immediate
>>> >
>>> >
>>> >
>>> >
>>> > _______________________________________________
>>> > ARIN-PPML
>>> > You are receiving this message because you are subscribed to
>>> > the ARIN Public Policy Mailing List (ARIN-PPML at arin.net).
>>> > Unsubscribe or manage your mailing list subscription at:
>>> > https://lists.arin.net/mailman/listinfo/arin-ppml
>>> > Please contact info at arin.net if you experience any issues.
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> ARIN-PPML
>>> You are receiving this message because you are subscribed to
>>> the ARIN Public Policy Mailing List (ARIN-PPML at arin.net).
>>> Unsubscribe or manage your mailing list subscription at:
>>> https://lists.arin.net/mailman/listinfo/arin-ppml
>>> Please contact info at arin.net if you experience any issues.
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> ARIN-PPML
>>> You are receiving this message because you are subscribed to
>>> the ARIN Public Policy Mailing List (ARIN-PPML at arin.net).
>>> Unsubscribe or manage your mailing list subscription at:
>>> https://lists.arin.net/mailman/listinfo/arin-ppml
>>> Please contact info at arin.net if you experience any issues.
>>>
>>
>>
>> --
>> ===============================================
>> David Farmer               Email:farmer at umn.edu
>> Networking & Telecommunication Services
>> Office of Information Technology
>> University of Minnesota
>> 2218 University Ave SE        Phone: 612-626-0815
>> Minneapolis, MN 55414-3029   Cell: 612-812-9952
>> ===============================================
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> ARIN-PPML
>> You are receiving this message because you are subscribed to
>> the ARIN Public Policy Mailing List (ARIN-PPML at arin.net).
>> Unsubscribe or manage your mailing list subscription at:
>> https://lists.arin.net/mailman/listinfo/arin-ppml
>> Please contact info at arin.net if you experience any issues.
>>
>

-- 
===============================================
David Farmer               Email:farmer at umn.edu
Networking & Telecommunication Services
Office of Information Technology
University of Minnesota
2218 University Ave SE        Phone: 612-626-0815
Minneapolis, MN 55414-3029   Cell: 612-812-9952
===============================================
-------------- next part --------------
An HTML attachment was scrubbed...
URL: <https://lists.arin.net/pipermail/arin-ppml/attachments/20250917/c226d269/attachment-0001.htm>